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 As of December 2020, only TSMC is in the top 10 of the three wafer size categories. In 2020, TSMC has the largest 200 mm wafer capacity, ranking second in 300 mm wafer capacity, second only to Samsung. Not surprisingly, the 300 mm ranking includes DRAM and NAND flash suppliers such as Samsung, Micron, SK Hynix and Kioxia / WD; TSMC, GlobalFoundries, UMC and Powerchip, the world's four largest pure wafer foundries (including Nexchip); and Intel, the industry's largest microprocessor manufacturer. The IC types offered by these companies benefit from using the largest size wafers to maximize the amortization of manufacturing costs per chip. In addition, they have the ability to continue to invest heavily in new and improved 300 mm Fab capacity. The 200 mm wafer is mainly used as a pure wafer foundry and manufacturer for analog / mixed signal IC and microcontroller. The ranking of smaller wafer sizes (≤ 150 mm) includes a more diversified group of companies, two of which are Chinese companies. Both CRMicro and Silan Microelectronics have very large 150 mm fabs, which are mainly used to produce analog / mixed signal ICs, power devices and discrete semiconductors. STMicroelectronics used to produce large quantities of 150 mm wafers at its Singapore fab, but in recent years it has restructured its Fab business there. One of the fabs has been greatly revamped to manufacture MEMS based microfluidic products (e.g., inkjet heads, chip lab equipment, etc.), while others have been upgraded to handle 200 mm wafers. As the industry shifts IC manufacturing to larger wafers in larger fabs, the number of IC manufacturers continues to decrease. Research on global wafer capacity shows that as of December 2020, 63 companies have owned and operated a 200 mm chip factory (Figure 2). 28 companies own and operate 300 mm wafer plants. In addition, among these manufacturers, the distribution of 300 mm wafer capacity is the most important, with the five largest manufacturers controlling about three-quarters (74%) of the global 300 mm IC capacity.  |
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